Influence of ACE Gene Polymorphism on Heart Rate Dynamics During Submaximal Exercise Following a 3-Month Fartlek Training Program in Male Adolescents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63750/cxm5em66Keywords:
ACE gene polymorphism, heart rate dynamics, submaximal exercise, endurance-based training, adolescentsAbstract
Objective: This study aims to analyze the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism on heart rate dynamics during submaximal exercise in male adolescents after participating in a fartlek exercise program for 3 months.
Methods: This quantitative experimental study involved 59 healthy male adolescents aged 13–15 years who participated in a structured fartlek training program for 12 weeks. ACE genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and classified into ACE II and non-II (ID/DD) groups. Heart rate was measured every minute during 6 minutes of submaximal stationary cycling exercise before and after the intervention. Statistical analyses were performed using paired t-tests and independent t-tests at a significance level of p < 0.05.
Results: After the intervention, there was a significant decrease in heart rate across all minutes of exercise in both genotype groups (p < 0.001). The group with the ACE II genotype showed a greater decrease in heart rate than the non-II group, indicating more efficient cardiovascular adaptation to endurance-based exercise.
Conclusion: ACE gene polymorphisms influence heart rate dynamics during submaximal exercise in adolescent boys after fartlek training. ACE II genotype is associated with higher cardiovascular efficiency, confirming the role of genetic variation as a biological modulator of adaptive responses to exercise.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Fatoni Fatoni, Muhammad Kamal, Hasbi Asyhari, Juhanis Juhanis (Author)
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